You need to dowload three extra plug-ins to do this affect- Jitter and Stitch (both here) and Wobble (found here).

1. Pick a picture you want to use, I used this flower.
   
   
   
2. Do a jitter affect, and use settings somewhat like what I used. Play around with the settings to fit your picture, so it's distorted a little but not too much.
   
   
   
3. Select black and white. This will make the water colors work better later.
   
   
   
4. Use the Wobble affect. Choose an angle for wherever you want the ripples to go.
   
   
   
5. To add some color, go to curves, then choose around the same settings I used for a good water color.
   
   
   
6. Now we have a good reflection of your picture on water. Let's add some element of refraction, showing a little underneath the water's surface. We'll start by adding a new layer and moving it underneath. It'll be easier to see if you make the first layer invisible.
   
   
   
7. Make a gradient of some sort with some muddish-colors to start.
   
   
   
8. Add noise, with no color saturation.
   
   
   
9. Use weave to make it look like the water is moving the dirt. Add a fish if you really want to.
   
   
   
10. Now make the first layer visible again, and change the opacity to show the background a little but not change the color too much.
    
    

Now we have the final Image.

Thank you for trying this tutorial.

CPU - Central Processing Unit

The CPU or the Central Processing Unit is the overall 'brain' of the computer. It processes information from the other different parts of the computer and executes instructions. Popular manufacturers of CPUs include Intel and AMD. In simple terms, what your CPU chiefly affects is the speed at which your computer runs because a better CPU can process information and execute instructions more efficiently and with greater speed.

Motherboard

The Motherboard is the primary circuit board within a computer. This is where all the components of the computer interact. Things like your memory, peripherals and graphics card, basically all components in your computer, goes into the Motherboard where it sends instructions to the CPU. The Motherboard also includes a BIOS, which stands for Basic Input/Output System. This helps to set up your computer when there isn't an OS (Operating System) installed yet.

Main Memory

The Main Memory consists of RAM, which stands for Random Access Memory. The easiest way to explain this is - usually when you store things on your computer, you are using the Hard Disk. When you save files, those files go to the Hard Disk and are stored to be accessed when you require them. However, when most programs run, they need to read and write certain files to run smoothly and these files must be accessed at a much higher speed than Hard Disk files. This is where the Main Memory comes in, providing a sort of sandbox for programs to play with temporary files.

Hard Disk

A Hard Disk is where your files are stored. When you save files, a space is allocated in the Hard Disk for the files to reside, until you delete the files. In addition to the Hard Disk that you, no doubt, have inside your computer, you can also purchase Hard Disks which reside outside your computer, possibly using a USB (Universal Serial Bus) Cable to connect to your computer. These are called External Hard Disks.

Video/Graphics Card

With the advent of Windows and OSX, using computers has become a highly graphical affair. This is why Video/Graphics Cards are so important nowadays. The Video/Graphics Card component plugs into your Motherboard and handles the graphical information that the computer is processing. It takes the raw data in the computer and transforms it into what you see on your Monitor.

Peripherals (Monitor/Keyboard/Mouse)

These three peripherals are what you use to interact with the computer. The Monitor is the computer screen, allowing you to see what is going on in your computer. The Keyboard lets you enter text, and the Mouse lets you move a pointer around the screen, select items and execute programs.

Different computers will have different components, for example, some computers might have a Sound Card, in addition to a Video/Graphics Card, or Speakers, in addition to the Monitor, Keyboard and Mouse but here we have covered most of what makes up your Desktop or Laptop.

So, now you know how your computer works! It is easy to learn even more about the different components and be more aware of what you are paying for when purchasing a computer. With this information, you might even consider upgrading one component instead of buying a new computer. Take the time to understand your computer and you will get a lot more out of it!

 

We use formulae to perform a variety of operations, not only calculations. Some of these are special formulae that we call Functions. You will meet some of these as you develop your Excel skills at a higher level.

In this section we shall look at some straightforward formulae for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing.

As you have seen when calculating the SUM of data in a number of cells, we place a formula in a cell in the same way as text or numbers. It can be a very simple formula, such as adding the contents of 2 or more cells.

First of all, we need some data, so:

• Go to FILE and NEW
• Type in the data as shown here:

Format the spreadsheet as follows:

• The spreadsheet font is 10-point Arial
• Change the title in cell A1 to 12-point Arial Bold and centre it across the columns A to G
• Change the word TOTAL in cell A11 to Bold
• Change all the headings in row 3 to 10-point Arial Bold and centre them in their cells
• Change the data in columns B and C (B5:C9) to 10-point Arial Bold
• Insert a blank column between columns C and D
• Adjust the column widths if necessary

The formatted sheet should look like this:

In this spreadsheet we shall write FORMULAE for four types of calculation (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division), using the two sets of numbers in columns B and C.

Addition

The first step is to add together the two numbers in cells B5 and C5 (that is, B5 plus C5) and put the answer in cell E5. To do this:

• Click in cell E5 and type an = sign.

The = sign is your way of telling the computer that what follows in this cell is some kind of calculation. Without the = sign, you are only inputting text or numbers, and the program will not recognise that you want to calculate something.

• Complete the formula in cell E5 so that it looks like this: =B5+C5
• Confirm this formula by pressing the ENTER key
• Click in cell E5 again to see the result of the formula. It should be 14.

What has happened to the formula? It is still there but in cell E5 you can see only the result of the calculation. To see the formula, look up at the Formula Bar (below the Formatting toolbar).

The next step is to add the other pairs of numbers in rows 6 to 9, using a similar formula. You could make a separate formula for each row but - as you saw in section 3.2 - the quicker and better way is to replicate the formula in E5 into the cells E6:E9 using the Fill Handle. Refer back to section 3.2 to remind yourself how to do it.

Subtraction

Column F requires a different formula. This time we must create a formula in cell F5 to calculate the number in cell B5 minus the number in cell C5.

• In cell F5 type: =B5-C5
• Use the fill handle in F5 to replicate the formula into cells F6 to F9

Multiplication

Create a formula in cell G5 to multiply the two numbers in cells B5 and C5.

Note: In Excel we use the symbol * (asterisk) for Multiply.

• In cell G5 type: =B5*C5
• Replicate the formula into cells G6 to G9

Division

Create a formula in cell H5 to divide the number in cell B5 by the number in cell C5.

Note: In Excel we use the symbol / (forward slash) for Divide.

• In cell H5 type: =B5/C5
• Replicate the formula into cells H6 to H9

At this point your spreadsheet should look just like this one:

Calculating Totals Using the SUM function

Look back at sections 3.1 to 3.3 to remind yourself how to use the SUM function. Then complete your spreadsheet by doing the following:

• Use Autosum in cell E11 to calculate the total for cells E5:E9
• Replicate this formula into cells F11:H11
• Format all the numbers in column H to 2 decimal places

Here is the finished spreadsheet:

• Save the spreadsheet with the name FORMULAE.XLS.
• Print a copy of the spreadsheet and show it to your tutor
• Go to FILE and CLOSE

Next: more new practice and advanced formulas.

Getting Started

The only tool you really need is PSP video 9. Even though it was meant to convert video files to the PSP it works well in converting the DivX files to MPEG. So after you have the video you want saved open up video 9. Select the video you want to convert. Make sure mpeg or another format you want is selected and convert.

That's all it really takes. Nothing to complicated i hope. Now it should be even easier for you to convert your videos to another format if you want instead of having to look for a special DivX converter. I hope I was helpful to those of you that were having problems.